Although neurosurgery is among the most technologically advanced surgical specialties, it remains vulnerable to preventable medical errors such as incorrect surgical site, improper patient positioning, and device malfunctions. Implementing structured neurosurgical checklists has been shown to reduce these risks and enhance patient safety. Medical Errors in Neurosurgery Medical errors refer to avoidable adverse effects arising from medical care, whether or not they cause harm to the patient. Neurosurgery ranks as the third most common specialty affected by wrong-site surgeries, following orthopedics and general surgery.

These errors undermine both patient safety and surgical outcomes. Types of Preventable Errors 1. Incorrect Surgery Site Wrong site surgery: Procedure performed on the incorrect body part. Wrong level surgery: Operation conducted at the wrong level within the correct site.โ€ฆ