Dystonias is one of the commonest movement disorders and can cause a wide range of disabling symptoms, including painful muscle spasms and abnormal postures, and can affect walking and speech. To improve clarity of definitions and exchange of clinical information, these recommendations proposes diagnosis and treatment of dystonia. Primary dystonias are diseases where torsion dystonia is the only or the largely prevalent clinical feature. They are chronic and often disabling conditions with a widespread spectrum mainly in young people.
Recommendations The diagnosis of dystonia is clinical, the core being abnormal postures (with or without tremor) and the recognition of specific features, e.g. gestes antagonistes, overflow and mirror movements (good practice point). The classification of dystonia is important for providing appropriate management, prognostic information, genetic…
