Tetanus is caused by bacterium clostridium tetanii, anaerobic, gram positive and endospore forming bacteria now a days pevalance of tetanus reflects failures of immunization. Its potentially fatal disease, killed 356000 patients in 1990 but deaths drops to 59000 in 2013.mostly in underdeveloped countries and more fatal in extreme of ages like in infants as tetanus neonatorum or in elderly persons. Disease can be divided in 3 forms 1.
localised: like in forearm or legs ,spasm may persist upto one month and fatal in 1% of cases 2. cephalic form from acute otitis media 3. generalised: 80% cases belongs to this categery,first symtom may in form of trismus or lock jaw ,then typical smile on face in form of risus sardinicus,fever ,spasm in back muscles results in opisthotonos state typial for it Diagnosis on clinical basis,spatula test when examiner touches posterior phryngeal wall patient…
