Congenital hypothyroidism is a preventable endocrinopathy in children and can have neurological and developmental consequences if it is undiagnosed and/or untreated. The incidences of congenital hypothyroidism are increasing globally owing to the lowering of screening test cutoffs, racial and/or demographic profile changes, and other undetermined causes. 1 ## Etiology## While these two classes represent permanent hypothyroidism and require long-term treatment, a transient form of congenital hypothyroidism has been detected in some newborns. Its causes include prematurity, iodine deficiency, maternal thyrotropin receptor blocking antibodies, maternal intake of anti-thyroid drugs, maternal or neonatal iodine exposure, loss of function mutations, and hepatic hemangiomas.
3 ## Various genes associated with congenital hypothyroidism have been identified. (Figure 1) Figure 1 . Genes…
