A 2017 global disease burden study estimated the incidence rate of sepsis to be nearly 48.9 million with 11 million deaths attributed to it. 1 Pediatric sepsis contributes nearly half the total number of cases worldwide. This condition can be caused by several pathogens including Gram positive bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus , Enterococcus spp ., and Streptococcus pneumoniae , that have emerged as predominant causative agents. Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) accounts for 47% of all S. aureus clinical samples in India in 2014.
The emergence of multidrug resistant variants of these bacteria is a major health concern today, with 15.9% of all infections in ICUs attributed to Gram positive organisms. What are the mechanisms of bacterial defense? What are the latest treatment modalities, challenges and solutions? Read this article to know. Bacterial defense mechanisms…
