Bisphenol A (BPA) is a molecule with structural similarity with phenols found in plastic food and beverage containers as well as in some dialyzers. BPA is considered an environmental toxicant based on animal and cell culture studies. BPA is excreted in urine and uremic patients present higher serum levels, but there is insufficient evidence to set cut-off levels or to link BPA to any harmful effect in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD). Phenols are uremic toxins of intestinal origin formed by bacteria during protein metabolism.
Of these molecules, p-cresol is the most studied and has been associated with renal function impairment and vascular damage. These toxins are metabolites of protein catabolism by intestinal bacteria, which is greatly increased in patients with CKD. Dietary proteins and peptides are degraded by proteases and peptidases to amino acids. BPA It is an environmental toxin…
