Diabetic retinopathy ( DR ) is the most common complication of DM and it is a potentially blinding disease .The best management of DR is by preventing or delaying its development and progression by control of risk factors .There are ten important risk factors; duration of DM, poor glycemic control, pregnancy, hypertension, nephropathy, hperlipidemia, smoking, cataract surgery, obesity and anemia. Duration is more important in type 1 DM, diabetics younger than 30 years, prepubertal and proliferative diabetic retinopathy ( PDR ). Every diabetic patient older than 12 years should be screened for DR.
Early tight and gradual blood glucose control can prevent or delay DR development and progression by keeping HbA1c below 6.05%. Pregnancy sometimes leads to rapid DR progression. A diabetic pregnant should be screened at onset of pregnancy or even before and reviewed every 1-3 months.…
