The National Medical Commission (NMC) has clarified that dual practice by government doctors engaging in private practice alongside public service is not an inherent right but is subject to state-specific policies, service rules, and contractual obligations . The guidelines emphasize that public duties must take precedence, with any private practice conducted only within approved limits, typically after duty hours and with prior permission. From a regulatory standpoint, the NMC links dual practice with professional ethics. Concerns include conflict of interest, dilution of public service, and misuse of government infrastructure .

Non-compliance may invite disciplinary action, including charges of professional misconduct. Conversely, structured dual practice, when transparently regulated, could potentially expand access to specialist care in underserved areas. By framing dual practice…