It can occur when there is an increase in total body water without comparable increase of total body sodium. Causes Over-infusion. Anuria /oliguria: intake is normal but little or no urinary output. Large intake of fluid but kidneys fails to compensate with diuresis: Excessive ADH, severe liver disease, head injury, etc. Effect Initially, it will lead to diuresis, but later the renal cells are damaged oliguria and anuria.
The extracellular compartment is distended and its osmolality is reduced. Excess water goes into cells to cause intracellular edema, ultimately there is damage in lungs, skin, brain, muscles and widespread cellular damage all over the body. Manifestation Initially, there is an increase in body weight, increased central venous pressure, high pulse pressure, swollen eyelids, exertion also dyspnoea, enlarged neck veins, diuresis, cyanosis, coughing, etc. Acute…
