Accounting for 35% of all colorectal malignancies, the mortality rate of rectal cancer is 4-10/100,000 population per year. This synopsis discusses what are included in the latest 2017 rectal cancer guideline published by European Society for Medical Oncology.

Diagnosis: Parameter                                                        Optimal Method of Choice Location                                                Digital Rectal Examination (DRE), Rigid sigmoidoscopy Morphological verification                Biopsy cT Stage – early                                  Endorectal ultrasound (ERUS), MRI cT Stage – intermediate                    MRI cT Stage – advanced                         MRI Sphincter infiltration                          MRI cN Stage                                               MRI M Stage                                                CT, MRI of liver/abdomen PET-CT,…