Glioblastomas are frequently immunotherapy resistant. This is due to immunosuppressive microenvironment and impaired tumor vasculature, which block T-cell infiltration. Therefore, the development of tertiary lymphoid structures (TLS) and high endothelial venules (HEVs) can be used to improve immune cell infiltration, facilitating immune response against tumors . Based on this principle, scientists employed adeno-associated viral vector (AAV) to express a factor called LIGHT (a ligand that can activate lymphocytes and induce apoptosis in tumor cells) in glioma vasculature to combat cancer cells.
AAV-LIGHT therapy induced T-cell-rich TLS and HEVs and prolonged survival in murine glioma. The treatment also reduced T-cell exhaustion and elevated stem-like T-cells in TLS and antigen-presenting niches. AAV-LIGHT-mediated tumor regression was associated with tumor-specific memory/cytotoxic…
