A study investigated whether chronotype is associated with dietary intake, meal timing, body composition, and metabolic biomarkers in 287 healthy non-pregnant European and Pacific New Zealand women aged 18 to 45 years. Among the participants, 54% were classified as intermediate chronotypes (IT), 34% as evening types (ET), and 12% as morning types (MT). Compared with the MT-IT groups, the ET group had higher BMI (31.4 vs 26.1 kg/m²), whole-body fat percentage (36% vs 34%), and android-to-gynoid fat ratio (0.98 vs 0.87).
Daily energy intake was also higher in ET. While the MT-IT groups consumed more energy, protein, carbohydrates, and fat before 10:00, the ET group had greater intake of these nutrients after 20:00. Among women with higher body fat percentage and android-to-gynoid fat ratio, ET were more likely to consume less energy, protein, and carbohydrates before 10:00 and more…
