Newer Modalities of Treatment in Type II Diabetes Mellitus Control of blood glucose in type II diabetes mellitus is important to improve outcomes, but achieving long-term control is challenging and all existing agents have limitations, particularly as most of the older agents and insulin cause an increase in body weight and hypoglycaemia. Newer agents, especially those that target body weight, have significant potential, but their place in the therapeutic algorithm is not yet determined possibly because of lack of data on cardiovascular safety profile. Type II diabetes mellitus is characterised by multiple metabolic abnormalities that result in hyperglycaemia.
These include obesity, insulin resistance in skeletal muscle, adipose tissue and liver, increased hepatic production of glucose, and dysfunction of the islet cells of the pancreas. Islet cell abnormalities include qualitative and…
