Incidents of physical and verbal violence against doctors are increasingly reported across India, particularly in government hospitals and high-pressure emergency settings. Evidence suggests that most episodes stem from perceived delays, unexpected deaths, poor communication, and unmet expectations. Junior doctors and those working in emergency care, ICUs, obstetrics, and paediatrics remain especially vulnerable, with violence often followed by complaints, FIRs, and institutional inquiries.
Several states have enacted laws criminalising assaults on healthcare workers, and central ordinances provide for stringent penalties, including imprisonment and fines. Despite this, medico-legal reviews highlight poor awareness, inconsistent implementation, and low conviction rates. Many clinicians remain unsure about the legal protections available or the correct procedural steps to activate…
