Chemotherapy-induced neutropenia is a common complication of cancer treatment caused by suppression of bone marrow activity, leading to a decreased production of neutrophils. This reduction in neutrophils increases the risk of infections, which can become severe or life-threatening if not promptly managed. Patients may present with fever, infections, or no symptoms initially, making regular monitoring essential. Early recognition and supportive care, including growth factors and infection control measures, are key to improving outcomes.

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