A retrospective study across 8 hospitals compared clinical outcomes of robotic cholecystectomy (RC) and laparoscopic cholecystectomy (LC) in 1,828 patients with a mean age of 52.9 years. Over 90 days, RC was associated with a shorter hospital stay and a lower rate of adverse outcomes, defined as conversion to open surgery and/or Clavien-Dindo grade ≥3 complications, than LC (3.3% vs 8.7%). The association between surgical approach and outcomes varied by procedural risk and body mass index (BMI).

Among high-risk patients with a BMI of 30 kg/m², LC was associated with higher odds of adverse outcomes (odds ratio [OR], 3.69). In low/intermediate-risk patients, outcomes were comparable for those with lower BMI, but LC was associated with higher odds of adverse outcomes among those with a BMI of 35 kg/m² (OR, 3.19). Despite these clinical advantages in selected patients, RC was associated…