In ophthalmology, we often mention about various rings. So, I am taking an opportunity to throw some light on the description on these ophthalmic rings they are Kayser–Fleischer rings (KF rings) Fleischer's ring Wasius ring Sommering crystalline ring KF ring is seen in Wilsons disease in this disease we have impairment of copper metabolism as a matter of fact for metabolism of copper we need an enzyme called ceruloplasmin. The deficiency of this enzyme leads to impairment of copper so copper granules get deposited on the peripheral part of Descemet's membrane of the cornea as golden brown ring seen on the slit lamp. Fleischer's ring is the brownish ring of hemosiderin seen on the base of a cone in keratoconus.
Wasius ring is due to an effect of blunt trauma when the uveal pigment gets deposited on ant lens capsule. Sommerings crystalline ring is not seen nowadays. It was…
