A baby girl born at the end of 26.4 weeks of gestation and brought to the hospital at 12 h of life. She was born of a consanguineous marriage to a multigravida mother. No antenatal sonography was done and the baby was born at home. The baby’s birth weight was 850 g, length 35 cm, and head circumference 27 cm. After the admission, she was started on empirical antibiotics (cefotaxime and amikacin) and intravenous fluids. Though adequate fluids were given, she developed tachycardia and dehydration on the 3rd day of life.
She was polyuric (urine output 9 mL/kg/h). Her renal profile and blood sugar were normal, and she was normotensive. Urine specific gravity and osmolality were 1.003 and 305 osmol/L, respectively. Ultrasound of the kidneys showed no evidence of nephrocalcinosis. Investigations revealed hypochloremic, hypokalemic metabolic alkalosis with hyponatremia (serum sodium 106 mEq/L,…
