Cortisol has a diurnal rhythm and regulates a wide range of vital processes throughout the body, mainly metabolism and the immune response. The secretion of cortisol is mainly controlled by the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and is regulated by a negative feedback loop process. It also helps in stress response.
Almost every cell contains receptors for cortisol, which can have effects such as controlling the body’s blood sugar levels, acting as an anti-inflammatory agent, influencing memory formation, controlling salt and water balance, influencing blood pressure, and helping the development of the fetus. Excessive cortisol production over a prolonged period may lead to: Rapid weight gain, slender arms, and legs A flushed and round face Hypertension Osteoporosis Skin changes (bruises and purple stretch marks) Muscle weakness Amenorrhoea Mood swings, anxiety, depression Increased…
