Diabetes is a group of metabolic diseases characterized by hyperglycemia resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action, or both. Elevated levels of blood glucose (hyperglycemia) lead to spillage of glucose into the urine,first identified as a disease associated with "sweet urine," and excessive muscle loss in the ancient world. Diabetes mellitus is classified in four main categories: Type 1 diabetes : it results from failure of pancreas to produce insulin. previously it was known as "insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (IDDM) or "juvenile diabetes".
Type 2 diabetes : it begins with insulin resistance, and later on as the disease progresses it results in insulin deficiency. Previously it was known as "non insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus" (NIDDM) or "adult-onset diabetes". Gastational diabetes : During pregnancy usually around the 24th week many women develop…
