Vitamin D (VD) deficiency is common among patients with type 1 diabetes (T1D), and previous studies have suggested that VD supplementation may reduce the risk of T1D. Likewise, a high-vitamin A (VA) diet has been shown to reduce diabetes incidence in mouse models. To further explore these associations, a study evaluated the relationship between VA and VD levels and T1D in children. The study included 31 children with T1D and 31 age- and sex-matched controls.

Serum levels of VA and VD were significantly lower among children with T1D than in the control group (VA: 185.38 ng/mL vs 363.50 ng/mL; VD: 14.18 ng/mL vs 18.76 ng/mL). Compared with controls, children with T1D also had significantly higher rates of VA deficiency (51.6% vs 3.2%) and VD deficiency (35.5% vs 3.2%). Correlation analysis showed that VA (r = −0.708) and VD (r = −0.366) levels were negatively correlated with fasting blood…