Age-associated loss of kidney function has been recognized for decades. With aging, many patients exhibit progressive decreases in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) and renal blood flow (RBF), with wide variability among individuals. These changes may predispose the kidney and result in chronic kidney disease. This article outlines the functional and structural changes that occur with normal aging.
Aging is associated with altered activity and responsiveness to vasoactive stimuli. The fall in GFR is due to reductions in the glomerular capillary plasma flow rate, and the glomerular capillary ultrafiltration coefficient. In addition, a primary reduction in afferent arteriolar resistance is associated with an increase in glomerular capillary hydraulic pressure. These hemodynamic changes occur in concert with structural changes, including loss of renal mass; hyalinization of afferent…
