Urachus is a fibrous cord that connects the fetal anterior bladder wall to the umbilicus. During the first trimester, urachus facilitates excretion of nitrogenous waste products through the placenta via the umbilical cord. The descend of the bladder, towards the pelvis, during the fourth and fifth week of gestation, stretches the urachus and obliterates its lumen, forming a persistent fibromuscular cord, known as the median umbilical ligament. Occasionally, urachal anomalies may occur due to abnormalities in urachal involution, causing various abdominal complications in pediatric and adult patients.
Congenital urachal pathologies include patent urachus, umbilical-urachal sinus, vesico-urachal diverticulum, urachal cyst, and alternating sinus. Moreover, quiescent urachal pathologies may become pathological in the form of infections or neoplasms. Currently, there are no uniform diagnostic…
