The Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) vaccine offers multiple benefits, apart from tuberculosis prevention; it can be used as therapy for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) and alleviate the risk of Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD). However, the studies related to its effect on ADRD risk are limited by sample size, study design, or analytical methods. A recent study investigated the association between the intravesical BCG vaccine and the incidence of ADRD in 6467 NMIBC patients aged ≥ 50 years. BCG vaccine treatment was associated with a lower incidence of ADRD (Hazard ratio [HR], 0.80) in the BCG vaccine group than the control group (8.8/1000 vs.
12.1/1000 person-years). The association was even higher (HR, 0.74) in patients aged ≥ 70 years. Additionally, a lesser number of deaths were reported among the BCG vaccine group than in the control group (751 vs. 973).…
