An 85-year-old man visited the clinic with complaints of swollen legs for the past three months. The patient also had benign prostate hypertrophy and ischemic heart disease. He had undergone an anterior peritoneal resection due to adenocarcinoma of the rectum.

Physical examination revealed swelling of both his legs. A computed tomographic scan of the abdominal pelvis was done, which revealed- Image A: Overdistended urinary bladder compressing bilateral external iliac veins Image B: Bilateral hydronephrosis and a renal cystΒ  Source: New England Journal Of Medicine