Cardiovascular disease remains the leading cause of mortality among patients receiving hemodialysis, yet effective preventive strategies are limited. To address this gap, a study evaluated the cardiovascular effects of n−3 polyunsaturated fatty acid supplementation, particularly eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), in patients undergoing hemodialysis, involving 1,228 participants. Over a mean follow-up of 3.5 years, supplementation with fish oil significantly reduced the rate of serious cardiovascular events compared with placebo (0.31 vs.
0.61 per 1,000 patient-days; hazard ratio (HR) 0.57). Reductions were also observed for cardiac death (HR 0.55), fatal and nonfatal myocardial infarction (HR 0.56), stroke (HR 0.37), peripheral vascular disease leading to amputation (HR 0.57), and the composite of first cardiovascular event or death from any cause (HR 0.73).…
