Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs), commonly prescribed for gastroesophageal disorders, may influence glucose metabolism through gastrin-mediated insulin secretion; however, their effects on glycemic control and diabetes risk remain unclear. To address this gap, a systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated the association of PPI use with glycemic control in individuals with diabetes (7 studies; n = 342) and the risk of incident diabetes in those without diabetes (5 studies; n = 244,439). The study found that add-on PPI therapy significantly reduced HbA1c by 0.36% (−0.68 to −0.05) and fasting blood glucose by 10.0 mg/dL (−19.4 to −0.6) compared with standard therapy.
However, PPI use was not associated with a reduced risk of incident diabetes (pooled adjusted relative risks (RR) 1.10, 0.89 to 1.34). These findings suggest that add-on PPI therapy may improve glycemic control in individuals…
