Magnesium deficiency has been linked to impaired cognition and poor sleep quality, yet the cognitive and sleep benefits of magnesium supplementation remain uncertain due to limited high-quality trials. To address this gap, a study examined the effects of magnesium L-threonate on cognitive performance, cognitive age, sleep quality, and physiological markers in adults with self-reported dissatisfied sleep, involving 100 adults aged 18–45 years. The study found that, compared with placebo, magnesium L-threonate significantly improved overall cognitive performance, with greater benefits in working and episodic memory, along with a 7.5-year reduction in estimated brain cognitive age and faster reaction time.

Self-reported sleep-related impairment improved, while most other sleep measures showed no differences, except in participants with more severe sleep problems. No significant changes…