Highlights In about 50% of couples, the male partner contributes to infertility. A thorough evaluation and treatment of infertile males can lead to spontaneous conceptions, lower treatment costs, and identification of underlying medical conditions. Obesity-mediated systemic imbalance disrupts the normal functions of the testes. This article highlights the various aspects of male infertility, including its prevalence, demographics, risk factors, and interconnections with other comorbid conditions.

Infertility is a significant reproductive health concern affecting around 15% of couples, with half of the cases attributed solely to male infertility. 1 Various factors, like hormonal imbalances, lifestyle stress, diet, sleep apnea, and other health conditions, can contribute to declining semen quality. 1 While assisted reproductive technologies (ART) are the only available treatment…