Metformin, an antidiabetic agent with protective effects against various systemic diseases, has been suggested to reduce the risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD); however, evidence remains inconclusive. To address this gap, a retrospective cohort study evaluated the association between metformin use and the development and progression of AMD , including geographic atrophy and neovascular forms, among participants aged 65 years and older across two exposed cohorts. The study found that participants prescribed metformin had a 10% lower risk of developing any age-related AMD compared with those not prescribed metformin.
This reduced risk remained consistent at both 5 and 10 years of follow-up. Additionally, metformin use was associated with a modestly lower risk of progression to geographic atrophy and no significant difference in the risk of developing neovascular AMD. These…
