The treatment landscape for advanced renal cell carcinoma (RCC) has seen recent transformations with the development of antiangiogenics, particularly tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs), targeting vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), and the immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs). 1 The combination of pembrolizumab, an ICI, and axitinib, a TKI, has shown promising results as first-line therapy for advanced RCC. In previous clinical trials, both VEGFR-TKI, axitinib, and the anti-programmed death 1 (PD-1) monoclonal antibody, pembrolizumab, have demonstrated antitumor activity in patients with previously untreated advanced RCC.
2 The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) has recently approved the use of pembrolizumab and axitinib as combination therapy for advanced RCC. 3 KEYNOTE‑426 Trial The KEYNOTE-426 is a randomized, multicenter, open-label study that involved…
