B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) has been used as a gold standard by cardiologists to determine the risk of severe illness or death in patients with heart failure. However, BNP is a "downstream" indicator of heart failure, and researchers have been searching for biomarkers that lead to heart failure, such as myocardial injury or inflammation. According to recent research, the levels of soluble urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (suPAR), an immune protein playing a role in kidney disease, were found to be elevated in patients with heart failure.
suPAR levels were found to be 17% higher in such patients compared to different subgroups, including patients with ischemic or non-ischemic cardiomyopathy . The levels of protein were indicative of twice the risk of fatality and hospitalization for patients with heart failure. If the suPAR levels were increased in patients without heart…
