The present article describes the prevalence, risk factors, clinical characteristics, and outcome of patients with hematological malignancies and polymicrobial pneumonia. Pulmonary infections are common among patients with hematological malignancies (HM), account for 17–40 % of febrile neutropenic episodes, and are associated with a significant burden of morbidity and mortality. The nature and severity of these infections depend on the underlying hematological malignancy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) type, age, timing, chemotherapy regimen, presence and treatment of graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and duration of neutropenia.
Pulmonary infections A wide variety of etiological agents are responsible for pulmonary infections in these patients, often including opportunistic pathogens. During the last decade, Aspergillus was found to be the most common cause of pneumonia…
