Lutein and zeaxanthin are xanthophyll carotenoids found within the retina and throughout the visual system. The retina is one of the most metabolically active tissues in the body. The highest concentration of xanthophylls is found within the retina, and this selective presence has generated many theories regarding their role in supporting retinal function. Consequently, the effect of xanthophylls in the prevention and treatment of various eye diseases has been examined through epidemiological studies, animal studies, and clinical trials. This article attempts to explore the effects of xanthophylls in a progression of various eye diseases.
Lutein (L) and zeaxanthin (Z) are the major xanthophylls found in the eye. L and Z cannot be synthesised de novo and must be acquired from the diet. The highest concentration of L and Z is in the retina. Macular pigments account for 20–30% of total…
