Men with testosterone deficiency and type 2 diabetes had higher subcutaneous and visceral fat mass, and more severe insulin resistance, than eugonadal men. Testosterone treatment for 6 months in hypogonadal men reduced insulin resistance and subcutaneous fat mass (approx. 3 kg) and increased lean mass (approx. 3 kg), without changing body weight.
The expression of insulin signaling genes (IR-beta, IRS-1, AKT-2, and GLUT4) in adipose tissue was significantly lower in hypogonadal men and was upregulated after testosterone treatment. Testosterone treatment also caused a significant fall in inflammatory mediators and circulating concentrations of free fatty acids, C-reactive protein, interleukin-1beta, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and leptin.Testosterone treatment additionally improved parameters of sexual function. In this study PSA levels did not change, and no subject developed…
