Evidence suggests that proteinuria is a strong predictor of morbidity, a cause of inflammation, oxidative stress and progression of chronic kidney disease, and development of cardiovascular disease. Alterations in various different molecular pathways and interactions may lead to the identical clinical end points of proteinuria and chronic kidney disease. This article outlines current antiproteinuric therapeutic approaches for managing proteinuria.
Proteinuria is a major healthcare problem that is a sensitive marker for progressive renal dysfunction and it is considered an independent risk factor for cardiovascular (CV) morbidity and mortality. Furthermore, it is widely accepted that microalbuminuria (albumin urinary excretion of 30 mg–300 mg/day) is the earliest clue about the renal involvement of diabetes, obesity, and the metabolic syndrome. Current staging system The current staging…
