Successful tooth development depends on reciprocal interaction between the odontogenic epithelium and the underlying ectomesenchyme. This is a complex process that involves a series of molecular signalling pathways, receptors, and transcription molecules. Any disturbance in this cross-talk can lead to improper tooth development, resulting in tooth anomalies.

Certain tooth anomalies are disease-specific and can provide a clue to the underlying condition. The early identification of these clues by dentists can help in prompt diagnosis and treatment, enabling better outcomes.