Childhood Interstitial Lung Disease (chILD) is a rare and diverse group of pulmonary disorders that affects children and teens but is predominant in infants below two years of age. It involves the interstitium and distal airspaces of the lungs, causing an impaired exchange of gases in the body. Usually, the disease involves multiple complications and contributes to high morbidity and mortality. Pathophysiology Many studies have postulated that the inflammation caused due to primary injury to interstitial epithelial layers and distal airspaces triggers wound healing and fibrosis mechanisms.
Structural remodelling 1 of the distal airspaces and layers of epithelium results in an abnormal exchange of gases. It leads to impaired respiratory functions and associated complications. Causes Several causative factors are reported, most of which are non-preventable. Listed below are the important…
