Approximately 7% of all pregnancies are complicated by GDM, resulting in more than 200,000 cases annually. The prevalence may range from 1 to 14% of all pregnancies, depending on the population studied and the diagnostic tests employed. The current article describes the recommendations on the diagnosis of gestational diabetes mellitus.
The following are the approaches for the diagnosis of gestational diabetes: One-step approach: A diagnostic oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) should be performed without prior plasma or serum glucose screening. The one-step approach may be cost-effective in high-risk patients or populations. Two-step approach: An initial screening should be performed by measuring the plasma or serum glucose concentration 1 h after a 50-g oral glucose load (glucose challenge test [GCT]) and perform a diagnostic OGTT on that subset of women exceeding the glucose threshold…
