An estimated 4.5–9.5 % people from the overall population are affected by liver diseases or cirrhosis. Pain management in patients with cirrhosis is a clinical challenge for almost all healthcare professionals. In patients with the end-stage liver disease, adverse events from analgesics are frequent, potentially fatal, and often avoidable. Thus, it is very important to treat patients with medications that will not cause exacerbation or progression of their liver pathology.
Many literatures have provided different evidence-based strategies regarding pain management in patients with hepatic impairment. Some studies suggest that in patients with cirrhosis, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs should be avoided to avert renal failure, and opiates should be avoided or used sparingly, with low and infrequent dosing, to prevent encephalopathy. In this regard, which strategies do you follow to…
