The onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is often insidious and progresses gradually over a span of several years. In the initial stages, patients may present only a few symptoms, but if undiagnosed and untreated, it can result in multiple complications. Furthermore, youth-onset T2DM is a fast-growing malady in children, adolescents, and young adults. The present article provides a brief overview of characteristic features and clinical presentations of T2DM, with special reference to common diabetes-associated complications.
Insulin resistance (i.e. diminished sensitivity to the action of the insulin) in combination with an impaired ability of the pancreatic β‐cells to secrete insulin in adequate amounts are the fundamental underlying characteristic features of T2DM patients. Genetic, environmental as well as lifestyle factors (ex. high-calorie intake, limited physical activity, and…
